I updated the NetBSD-current sources on my @linveo VPS. Thanks @linveo!
linveo# date
linveo# cd /usr/src
linveo# export CVS_RSH="ssh"
linveo# cvs update -A -dP
linveo# cd ../xsrc
linveo# cvs update -A -dP
linveo# cd /usr/src
linveo# less UPDATING
I also rebuilt the NetBSD-current userland.
make distribution started at: Thu Jan 9 20:34:10 UTC 2025
make distribution finished at: Thu Jan 9 22:06:48 UTC 2025
===> Successful make distribution
===> build.sh ended: Thu Jan 9 22:06:48 UTC 2025
===> Summary of results:
build.sh command: ./build.sh -j 2 -O ../obj -r -T ../tools -U distribution
build.sh started: Thu Jan 9 20:34:03 UTC 2025
NetBSD version: 10.99.12
MACHINE: amd64
MACHINE_ARCH: x86_64
Build platform: NetBSD 10.99.12 amd64
HOST_SH: /bin/sh
Bootstrapping nbmake
share/mk MAKECONF: /etc/mk.conf
MAKECONF file: /etc/mk.conf
TOOLDIR path: /usr/src/../tools
DESTDIR path: /usr/src/../obj/destdir.amd64
RELEASEDIR path: /usr/src/../obj/releasedir
Removing /usr/src/../tools
Removing /usr/src/../obj/destdir.amd64
Created /usr/src/../tools/bin/nbmake
Updated makewrapper: /usr/src/../tools/bin/nbmake-amd64
Successful make distribution
build.sh ended: Thu Jan 9 22:06:48 UTC 2025
===> .
Next up is rebuilding the kernel and the X Window System. Then backup, install the new kernel, and reboot,
Finally, install the new userland and the new X. Then a final reboot to make sure that it can.
Rebuilding and updating NetBSD-current seems more suspense-filled than I remember from the old days. . . .
Here is moving the new kernel into place:
linveo# mv /netbsd /netbsd.old
linveo# mv /usr/obj/sys/arch/amd64/compile/GENERIC/netbsd /
linveo# ls -l /netbsd*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 29583936 Jan 10 05:20 /netbsd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 29574592 Dec 1 19:29 /netbsd.old
linveo# date; shutdown -r now
Sat Jan 11 05:16:12 UTC 2025
Shutdown NOW!
shutdown: [pid 20432]
linveo#
*** FINAL System shutdown message from [email protected] ***
System going down IMMEDIATELY
System shutdown time has arrived
About to run shutdown hooks...
Stopping cron.
Stopping inetd.
Saved entropy to /var/db/entropy-file.
Forcibly unmounting /tmp
Forcibly unmounting /var/shm
Removing block-type swap devices
swapctl: removing /dev/dk1 as swap device
Sat Jan 11 05:16:15 UTC 2025
Done running shutdown hooks.
Connection to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx closed by remote host.
Connection to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx closed.
chronos@penguin:~/servers/linveo$
And here is . . . what . . . happened . . . after I tried to reboot. . . .
chronos@penguin:~/servers/linveo$ `head -n 1 login`
Last login: Sat Jan 11 05:13:07 2025 from xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
NetBSD 10.99.12 (GENERIC) #3: Fri Jan 10 05:20:35 UTC 2025
Welcome to NetBSD!
We recommend that you create a non-root account and use su(1) for root access.
linveo# date
Sat Jan 11 05:19:35 UTC 2025
linveo# uptime
5:19AM up 3 mins, 1 user, load averages: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
linveo#
Aaannd. . . .
Thanks @Linveo for the really nice, really fast server! Thanks @cmeerw for the NetBSD 10 image which got me started!
Also. . . .
I probably will post about updating the NetBSD-current distribution userland and also about updating the pkgsrc extras. After that, I expect to stop posting about "routine" updates, even if they are magnificent, amazing, and wonderful each and every time!
I installed all the newly compiled userland binaries, and then rebooted again.
It seems to have worked. I'm cautiously optimistic!
Install
===> Successful installworld to /
===> build.sh ended: Mon Jan 13 01:52:30 UTC 2025
===> Summary of results:
build.sh command: ./build.sh -j 2 -O ../obj -T ../tools -U -x install=/
build.sh started: Mon Jan 13 01:51:03 UTC 2025
NetBSD version: 10.99.12
MACHINE: amd64
MACHINE_ARCH: x86_64
Build platform: NetBSD 10.99.12 amd64
HOST_SH: /bin/sh
share/mk MAKECONF: /etc/mk.conf
MAKECONF file: /etc/mk.conf
TOOLDIR path: /usr/src/../tools
DESTDIR path: /usr/src/../obj/destdir.amd64
RELEASEDIR path: /usr/src/../obj/releasedir
Updated makewrapper: /usr/src/../tools/bin/nbmake-amd64
Successful installworld to /
build.sh ended: Mon Jan 13 01:52:30 UTC 2025
===> .
Reboot
chronos@penguin:~/servers/linveo$ `head -n 1 login`
Last login: Mon Jan 13 01:47:49 2025 from xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
NetBSD 10.99.12 (GENERIC) #3: Fri Jan 10 05:20:35 UTC 2025
Welcome to NetBSD!
We recommend that you create a non-root account and use su(1) for root access.
linveo# date
Mon Jan 13 01:59:38 UTC 2025
linveo# uptime
1:59AM up 2 mins, 1 user, load averages: 0.02, 0.01, 0.00
linveo#
Now we seem to be running NetBSD-current on our newly updated and self-compiled kernel and base system userland binaries! These all were built with our newly updated and compiled build tools. That's pretty cool, I think!
Just for fun, let's check the dates of the files in /bin.
linveo# ls -l /bin
total 1934
-r-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 22056 Jan 10 04:14 [
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 22024 Jan 10 04:14 cat
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 11 Jan 10 04:14 chgrp -> /sbin/chown
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 22232 Jan 10 04:14 chio
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 17584 Jan 10 04:14 chmod
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 33528 Jan 10 04:14 cp
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 57720 Jan 10 04:13 cpio
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 190888 Jan 10 04:14 csh
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 27264 Jan 10 04:14 date
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 41384 Jan 10 04:14 dd
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 22744 Jan 10 04:14 df
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 17024 Jan 10 04:14 domainname
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 16832 Jan 10 04:14 echo
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 66048 Jan 10 04:14 ed
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 26088 Jan 10 04:14 expr
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 17808 Jan 10 04:14 getfacl
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 17064 Jan 10 04:14 hostname
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 17632 Jan 10 04:14 kill
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 290256 Jan 10 04:14 ksh
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 17688 Jan 10 04:14 ln
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 37824 Jan 10 04:14 ls
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 17360 Jan 10 04:14 mkdir
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 27288 Jan 10 04:14 mt
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 26776 Jan 10 04:14 mv
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 165216 Jan 10 04:14 pax
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 71160 Jan 10 04:14 ps
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 17168 Jan 10 04:14 pwd
-r-sr-xr-x 1 root wheel 22536 Jan 10 04:14 rcmd
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 32096 Jan 10 04:14 rcp
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 26848 Jan 10 04:14 rm
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 16984 Jan 10 04:14 rmdir
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 41832 Jan 10 04:14 rump.dd
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 32296 Jan 10 04:14 setfacl
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 239776 Jan 10 04:14 sh
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 17536 Jan 10 04:14 sleep
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 36496 Jan 10 04:14 stty
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 16568 Jan 10 04:14 sync
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 85432 Jan 10 04:13 tar
-r-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 22056 Jan 10 04:14 test
linveo#
Next up is to try to figure out the etcupdate, which I almost certainly should have run before rebooting. Maybe etcupdate should have been run before installing.
After etcupdate it's probably time to check whether any of the pkgsrc programs have been updated and therefore need rebuilding.
I plan to stop posting routine NetBSD build updates to this thread when etcupdate and pkgsrc are done. We will have upgraded NetBSD 10 to NetBSD-current, installed X Windows and Wireshark, then done another upgrade as time progressed. Maybe there will be enough here so that anyone interested can try self-compiling NetBSD-current!
Yeah, all self-compiled, except for our initial NetBSD 10 image kindly provided by @cmeerw. Thanks @linveo for the nice, fast VPS! Thanks NetBSD! Thanks LESbians!
If anyone catches my mistakes, please do let me know!
Quite interesting thread over in NetBSD land. Two things to note:
there is actually a simpler way (in NetBSD) to configure IPv6 where you get a /64, but the gateway has an IP address that is not from the /64, e.g. route add default 2001:0db8:1::1 -connected -ifp vioif0
when sending (solicited) neighbor advertisement, Linux uses the global-scope IPv6 address as the source IP address of the neighbor advertisement, but NetBSD (and also the other BSDs) use a link-local IPv6 address as the source IP address; and at least one VPS provider appears to filter those neighbor advertisements (probably trying to prevent a VPS from using IPv6 addresses that are not assigned to that VPS)
I got the OpenBSD installer running inside Qemu running on a Linux server. My goal for now was just to make sure I could boot the installer, so I did not (yet) make a qcow2 file for a persistent installation. Instead, I stopped when I reached an sh shell inside the installer. Eventually I want to try compiling OpenBSD-current from source.
I didn't (yet) add kvm or networking options to the qemu command. Not using KVM makes everything run slower, so I have a better chance of being able to read terminal output as it scrolls up. It looks like the OpenBSD installer doesn't automagically connect to qemu slirp, so I have to figure that out.
In case anyone else here might want to try this, here are a few notes and a screenshot.
# Downloads
https://mirrors.mit.edu/pub/OpenBSD/snapshots/amd64/cd76.iso
https://mirrors.mit.edu/pub/OpenBSD/snapshots/amd64/SHA256
https://mirrors.mit.edu/pub/OpenBSD/snapshots/amd64/SHA256.sig
# "iso" is a symlink to /var/iso/openbsd-current-snapshot-cd76.iso
# Commands
tmux
qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom iso -nographic
# To avoid freeze "Entry point at 0xffffffff8100100"
# enter these commands at boot prompt
stty com0 115200
set tty com0
boot
etcupdate is called after an update, rebuild, and reinstall of NetBSD from source code on a running system. The idea behind etcupdate is to make sure that the files in the running system's /etc provide the configuration parameters expected by the newly reinstalled software, and, where configuration choices are made, match the desires of the system administrator.
In addition to adjusting configuration files to provide new or changed parameters, it also seems like it would be necessary to add and adjust any completely new configurations for completely new programs recently added to the sources and possibly to remove configurations for programs which no longer are included in the sources.
linveo# uname; uname -r
NetBSD
10.99.12 # This is NetBSD-current.
linveo# which etcupdate
/usr/sbin/etcupdate
linveo# which file
/usr/bin/file
linveo# file /usr/sbin/etcupdate
/usr/sbin/etcupdate: POSIX shell script, ASCII text executable
linveo#
More soon on etcupdate. Thanks @linveo for the speedy NetBSD VPS!
Looks like there currently are a lot of directories and files in /etc.
linveo# ls -lR /etc | wc -l
831
linveo#
If you want to look under the spoiler at the top level ls -l listing, Jan 10 was the date of the most recent rebuild and reinstall. Therefore, at least some of these files and directories seem to have been touched by the January 10 rebuild and reinstall even though etcupdate wasn't run.
linveo# cd /etc
linveo# ls -l
total 4548
drwxr-xr-x 11 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 X11
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 atf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 342 Mar 28 2024 auto_master
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 autofs
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Mar 28 2024 bluetooth
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 2888 Mar 28 2024 bootptab
drwx------ 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 cgd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 388 Mar 28 2024 changelist
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 101 Mar 28 2024 csh.cshrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 101 Mar 28 2024 csh.login
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 103 Mar 28 2024 csh.logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 7536 Mar 28 2024 daily
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 240 Oct 7 18:15 daily.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 defaults
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1429 Mar 28 2024 dhcpcd.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 313 Mar 28 2024 disktab
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 468 Mar 28 2024 dm.conf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root operator 0 Mar 28 2024 dumpdates
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 2298 Mar 28 2024 envsys.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1197 Mar 28 2024 floppytab
drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 512 Dec 12 00:28 fltk
drwxr-xr-x 4 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 fonts
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 329 Oct 7 18:15 fstab
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 140 Mar 28 2024 ftpchroot
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 401 Mar 28 2024 ftpusers
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 3507 Mar 28 2024 gettytab
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 350 Mar 28 2024 gpio.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 632 Dec 17 04:16 group
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 731 Mar 28 2024 hosts
-rw------- 1 root wheel 2 Mar 28 2024 hosts.equiv
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 2 Mar 28 2024 hosts.lpd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 58 Nov 13 22:09 ifconfig.vioif0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 4036 Mar 28 2024 inetd.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 iscsi
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 kerberosV
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 kyua
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 23 Mar 28 2024 localtime -> /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1023 Mar 28 2024 locate.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1105 Mar 28 2024 login.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 mail
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 170 Mar 28 2024 mail.rc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 921 Mar 28 2024 mailer.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 2062 Mar 28 2024 man.conf
-rw------- 1 root wheel 2212 Dec 17 04:16 master.passwd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 35 Dec 12 05:42 mk.conf
-r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 587027 Mar 28 2024 moduli
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 811 Mar 28 2024 monthly
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 216 Mar 28 2024 monthly.conf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root wheel 80 Jan 11 05:16 motd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1597 Mar 28 2024 mrouted.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 13 01:52 mtree
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 12 Nov 13 22:09 mygate
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 15 Nov 13 22:09 mygate6
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 20 Nov 13 22:09 myname
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1626 Mar 28 2024 named.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 namedb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 774 Mar 28 2024 netconfig
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 411 Mar 28 2024 networks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 669 Mar 28 2024 newsyslog.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 nsd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 621 Mar 28 2024 nsswitch.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 5316 Mar 28 2024 ntp.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 openldap
drwxr-xr-x 5 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 openssl
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 pam.d
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1812 Dec 17 04:16 passwd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 162 Mar 28 2024 passwd.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1028 Mar 28 2024 pf.conf
-r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 29327 Mar 28 2024 pf.os
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 217 Mar 28 2024 phones
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 74 Oct 7 18:15 pkg_install.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 202 Mar 28 2024 pkgpath.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 postfix
drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 powerd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1579 Mar 28 2024 printcap
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 98 Mar 28 2024 profile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 28961 Mar 28 2024 protocols
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 40960 Dec 17 04:16 pwd.db
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 racoon
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 350 Mar 28 2024 rbootd.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 12927 Mar 28 2024 rc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 660 Nov 13 22:09 rc.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 rc.conf.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 2560 Jan 10 04:17 rc.d
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 562 Mar 28 2024 rc.local
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1770 Jan 13 02:41 rc.shutdown
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 34558 Mar 28 2024 rc.subr
-r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 4939 Jan 10 04:17 release
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1454 Mar 28 2024 remote
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 102 Nov 13 22:09 resolv.conf
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 13 Mar 28 2024 rmt -> /usr/sbin/rmt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 831 Mar 28 2024 rpc
drwxr-xr-x 4 root wheel 512 Mar 28 2024 saslc.d
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 29368 Nov 14 03:17 security
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 220 Mar 28 2024 security.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 3555799 Mar 28 2024 services
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 249 Nov 16 19:22 shells
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 419 Mar 28 2024 shrc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 skel
-rw------- 1 root operator 0 Mar 28 2024 skeykeys
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 sliphome
-rw------- 1 root wheel 40960 Dec 17 04:16 spwd.db
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 04:17 ssh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 797 Mar 28 2024 sysctl.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 597 Mar 28 2024 syslog.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 123 Mar 28 2024 ttyaction
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 871 Mar 28 2024 ttys
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 unbound
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 142 Nov 13 22:09 usermgmt.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 2344 Mar 28 2024 weekly
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 212 Mar 28 2024 weekly.conf
-rw------- 1 root wheel 197 Mar 28 2024 wpa_supplicant.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 2575 Mar 28 2024 wscons.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jan 10 02:00 zfs
linveo#
linveo# nroff -man /usr/share/man/man8/etcupdate.8
ETCUPDATE(8) NetBSD System Manager's Manual ETCUPDATE(8)
NAME
etcupdate -- update the configuration and startup files in /etc
SYNOPSIS
etcupdate [-alv] [-d destdir] [-p pager] [-s (srcdir | tgzdir | tgzfile)]
[-t temproot] [-w width]
etcupdate (-h | -?)
DESCRIPTION
etcupdate is a tool that lets the administrator update the configuration
and startup files in /etc (and some other directories like /dev, /root
and /var) without having to manually check and modify every file. The
administrator should run this script after performing an operating system
update (e.g. after running make build in /usr/src or after extracting new
binary distribution files) to update to the latest configuration and
startup files.
etcupdate compares the new configuration files against the currently
installed files. The user is given the option of installing, merging or
deleting each modified or missing file. The user can also view the dif-
ferences between the files. By default, it shows the differences in the
unified diff format. The default format can be toggled to show the dif-
ferences in unified, context, or side by side formats or an user-defined
command may be used to view differences. (And if wdiff is installed, it
can also show differences on a word by word basis.)
etcupdate also detects if the user installs certain special files and
performs corresponding tasks like remaking device nodes or rebuilding a
database from the aliases(5) file. Finally, etcupdate runs
postinstall(8) to check the results.
etcupdate needs a clean set of new configuration files to compare the
existing files against. These files, called the ``reference files'' in
this manual, may be derived from either a source or binary distribution
of NetBSD.
If the user is updating from sources (which is the default mode),
etcupdate will first create a copy of the reference files by running make
distribution in /usr/src/etc, installing the files to a so-called
temproot. (See usage of the -s srcdir and -t temproot options later in
this manual page.) Although this is the default mode, it is not recom-
mended (see the ``BUGS'' section).
Instead of using sources, it is recommended that the user should extract
one or more binary distribution sets in a special location and use those
as the reference files (see usage of the -s tgzdir option later in this
manual page), or specify one or more binary distribution sets directly
(see usage of the -s tgzfile option later in this manual page).
The following options are available:
-a etcupdate can automatically update files which have not
been modified locally. The -a flag instructs etcupdate to
store MD5 checksums in /var/etcupdate and use these check-
sums to determine if there have been any local modifica-
tions.
-d destdir Use destdir instead of / as the top of the file system
hierarchy to be updated. For example, destdir/etc will be
used instead of /etc.
-h Display help to stdout, and exit.
-l Automatically skip files with unchanged RCS IDs. This has
the effect of leaving alone files that have been altered
locally but which have not been changed in the reference
files. Since this works using RCS IDs, files without RCS
IDs will not be skipped even if only modified locally.
This flag may be used together with the -a flag described
above.
-p pager The pager to use when displaying files. By default this
is more(1) but it can be changed either with this option
or by defining the PAGER variable.
-s (srcdir | tgzdir | tgzfile)
The location of the reference files, or the NetBSD source
files used to create the reference files. This may be
specified in one of three ways:
-s srcdir The top level directory of the NetBSD
source tree. By default this is /usr/src
but it can be changed either with this
option or the SRCDIR variable. The refer-
ence files will be created by running
``make distribution'' in the srcdir/etc
directory. Note that srcdir should refer
to the top of the source directory tree;
earlier versions of etcupdate expected
srcdir to refer to the etc subdirectory
within the source tree.
-s tgzdir A directory in which reference files have
been extracted from a binary distribution
of NetBSD. The files that are distributed
in the ``etc.tgz'' or ``etc.tar.xz'' set
file must be present. The files that are
distributed in the ``xetc.tgz'' or
``xetc.tar.xz'' set file are optional. The
reference files from the specified direc-
tory will be copied to the temproot direc-
tory.
-s tgzfile The location of a set file (or ``tgz
file'') such as ``etc.tgz'', ``etc.tar.xz''
or ``xetc.tgz'' from a binary distribution
of NetBSD. Each set file is a compressed
archive containing reference files, which
will be extracted to the temproot direc-
tory. Multiple -s options may be used to
specify multiple set files. The
``etc.tgz'' or ``etc.tar.xz'' set file must
be specified. The ``xetc.tgz'' or
``xetc.tar.xz'' set file is optional.
-t temproot Specifies the location of the temproot directory. This
directory will be used for a temporary copy of the refer-
ence files created by running ``make distribution'' in the
source directory specified by -s srcdir, or a temporary
copy of the reference files extracted from the binary sets
specified by -s tgzfile, or a temporary copy of the refer-
ence files from the directory specified by -s tempdir. By
default this is /tmp/temproot but can be changed either
with this option or the TEMPROOT environment variable.
-v Makes etcupdate verbose about its actions.
-w width Sets screen width used during interactive merge. By
default this is the number of columns stty(1) reports but
it can be changed either with this option or by defining
the WIDTH variable. This is useful for xterm(1) users
with wider shell windows.
-? Display help to stdout, and exit.
ENVIRONMENT
TEMPROOT Sets a default value for temproot. See -t above.
SRCDIR The location of the NetBSD sources files. See -s above.
PAGER The pager to use when displaying files. See -p above.
WIDTH The screen width used during interactive merge. See -w
above.
IGNOREFILES A list of files that etcupdate should ignore. Files
listed in this variable will never be considered for
updating by etcupdate.
FILES
The environment variables can also be defined in the following configura-
tion files. The user's personal configuration file settings override the
global settings.
/etc/etcupdate.conf
~/.etcupdaterc
EXAMPLES
You have just upgraded your NetBSD host from 3.0 to 4.0 and now it's time
to update the configuration files as well. To update the configuration
files from the sources (if you have the /usr/src/etc directory):
etcupdate
The default location of the source files is /usr/src but this may be
overridden with the -s srcdir command line argument:
etcupdate -s /some/where/src
To update the configuration files from binary distribution sets do some-
thing like this:
etcupdate -s /some/where/etc.tgz -s /some/where/xetc.tgz
or like this:
mkdir /tmp/temproot
cd /tmp/temproot
tar -xpzf /some/where/etc.tgz
tar -xpzf /some/where/xetc.tgz
etcupdate -s /tmp/temproot
You have modified only few files in the /etc directory so you would like
install most of the updates without being asked. To automatically update
the unmodified configuration files:
etcupdate -a
To get a better idea what's going on, use the -v flag:
etcupdate -v
SEE ALSO
cmp(1), more(1), rcs(1), sdiff(1), stty(1), aliases(5), postinstall(8)
HISTORY
The etcupdate command appeared in NetBSD 1.6.
In NetBSD 4.0, the -s tgzfile option was added, the -b tempdir option was
converted to -s tgzdir, and the -s srcdir option was changed to refer to
the top of the source directory tree rather than to the etc subdirectory.
In NetBSD 5.0, the ability to specify multiple colon-separated files with
a single -s option was deprecated, and options deprecated in NetBSD 4.0
were removed.
In NetBSD 7.0, the ability to specify multiple colon-separated files with
a single -s option was removed (multiple -s options must be used
instead), and the -d destdir option was added.
AUTHORS
The script was written by Martti Kuparinen <[email protected]> and
improved by several other NetBSD users.
The idea for this script (including code fragments, variable names etc.)
came from the FreeBSD mergemaster (by Douglas Barton). Unlike the
FreeBSD mergemaster, this does not use CVS version tags by default to
compare if the files need to be updated. Files are compared with cmp(1)
as this is more reliable and the only way if the version numbers are the
same even though the files are different.
BUGS
If a source directory is specified via the ``-s srcdir'' option (or if
the /usr/src directory is used by default), then etcupdate will run
``make distribution'' in the etc subdirectory of the source directory,
but it will not use the same options or environment variables that would
be used during a full build of the operating system. For this reason,
use of the ``-s srcdir'' option is not recommended, and use of the ``-s
tgzdir'' or ``-s tgzfile'' options is recommended.
NetBSD 10.99 January 15, 2022 NetBSD 10.99
linveo#
linveo# cat -n /usr/sbin/etcupdate
1 #!/bin/sh
2 #
3 # $NetBSD: etcupdate,v 1.65 2022/01/17 08:47:03 lukem Exp $
4 #
5 # Copyright (c) 2001-2022 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
6 # All rights reserved.
7 #
8 # This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
9 # by Martti Kuparinen.
10 #
11 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12 # modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13 # are met:
14 # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15 # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16 # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17 # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18 # documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19 #
20 # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
21 # ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
22 # TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
23 # PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
24 # BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
25 # CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
26 # SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
27 # INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
28 # CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
29 # ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
30 # POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31 #
32 #
33 # This script helps you to update the configuration files in /etc
34 # after an operating system upgrade. Instead of running "make distribution"
35 # in /usr/src/etc (and losing your current configuration) you can easily
36 # see the modifications and either install the new version or merge the
37 # changes in to your current configuration files.
38 #
39 # This script was written by Martti Kuparinen <[email protected]> and
40 # improved by several other NetBSD users.
41 #
42 # The idea for this script (including code fragments, variable names etc.)
43 # came from the FreeBSD mergemaster (by Douglas Barton).
44 #
45 PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:${PATH}"
46
47 # Default settings
48 PROG="${0##*/}"
49 DESTDIR="" # must not have a trailing slash
50 DESTDIR_BRE="" # basic regex to match ${DESTDIR}
51 TEMPROOT="${TEMPROOT:=/tmp/temproot}"
52 PAGER="${PAGER:=/usr/bin/more}"
53 SWIDTH="$(stty size | awk '{w=$2}END{if(w==0){w=80}print w}')"
54 WIDTH="${WIDTH:="${SWIDTH}"}"
55 DIFF_COMMAND="diff -u"
56 VERBOSE=false
57 CONTINUE=false
58 SOURCEMODE=false # true for "-s source_dir"
59 SRCDIR= # directory for SOURCEMODE
60 BINARYMODE=false # true for both BINARYDIRMODE and BINARYTGZMODE
61 BINARYDIRMODE=false # true for "-s extracted_dir"
62 BINARYDIR= # directory name for BINARYDIRMODE
63 BINARYTGZMODE=false # true for "-s etc.tgz"
64 TGZLIST= # quoted list list of files for BINARYTGZMODE
65 SRC_ARGLIST= # quoted list of "-s" args
66 N_SRC_ARGS=0 # number of "-s" args
67 AUTOMATIC=false
68 LOCALSKIP=false
69 MACHINE="${MACHINE:="$(uname -m)"}"
70 export MACHINE
71 MACHINE_ARCH="${MACHINE_ARCH:="$(uname -p)"}"
72 export MACHINE_ARCH
73
74 # Settings for post-installation procedures
75 NEED_ANYTHING=false
76 NEED_MAKEDEV=false
77 NEED_MTREE=false
78 NEED_NEWALIASES=false
79 NEED_PWD_MKDB=false
80 NEED_SERVICES_MKDB=false
81
82
83 help()
84 {
85 cat << EOF
86
87 Usage: ${PROG} [-alv] [-d DESTDIR] [-p PAGER] [-s SRC_ARG] [-t TEMPROOT] [-w WIDTH]
88 ${PROG} ( -h | -? )
89
90 Options:
91
92 -a Automatically update unmodified files.
93 -d DESTDIR Destination directory to check. [/]
94 -h Display this help, and exit.
95 -l Automatically skip files with strictly local changes
96 (this option has no effect on files lacking RCS Ids).
97 -p PAGER Which pager to use [/usr/bin/more]
98 -s SRC_ARG Location of the source files. [/usr/src]
99 This may be any of the following:
100 -s SRC_DIR A directory that contains a NetBSD
101 source tree.
102 -s TGZ_DIR A directory in which one or both of
103 "etc.tgz" and "xetc.tgz" have been extracted.
104 -s TGZ_FILE A distribution set file such as "etc.tgz" or
105 "xetc.tgz". May be specified multiple times.
106 -t TEMPROOT Where to store temporary files. [/tmp/temproot]
107 -w WIDTH Screen width. [80]
108 -v Be more verbose.
109 -? Display this help, and exit.
110
111 EOF
112 }
113
114 usage()
115 {
116 help 1>&2
117 exit 1
118 }
119
120 verbose()
121 {
122 # $* = message to display if in verbose mode
123
124 ${VERBOSE} && echo "${@}"
125 }
126
127 yesno()
128 {
129 # $* = message to display
130
131 echo -n "${@}? (y/[n]) "
132 read ANSWER
133 case "${ANSWER}" in
134 y|Y)
135 return 0
136 ;;
137 *)
138 return 1
139 ;;
140 esac
141 }
142
143 # Quote args to make them safe in the shell.
144 # Usage: quotedlist="$(shell_quote args...)"
145 #
146 # After building up a quoted list, use it by evaling it inside
147 # double quotes, like this:
148 # eval "set -- $quotedlist"
149 # or like this:
150 # eval "\$command $quotedlist \$filename"
151 #
152 shell_quote()
153 {(
154 local result=''
155 local arg qarg
156 LC_COLLATE=C ; export LC_COLLATE # so [a-zA-Z0-9] works in ASCII
157 for arg in "$@" ; do
158 case "${arg}" in
159 '')
160 qarg="''"
161 ;;
162 *[!-./a-zA-Z0-9]*)
163 # Convert each embedded ' to '\'',
164 # then insert ' at the beginning of the first line,
165 # and append ' at the end of the last line.
166 # Finally, elide unnecessary '' pairs at the
167 # beginning and end of the result and as part of
168 # '\'''\'' sequences that result from multiple
169 # adjacent quotes in he input.
170 qarg="$(printf "%s\n" "$arg" | \
171 ${SED:-sed} -e "s/'/'\\\\''/g" \
172 -e "1s/^/'/" -e "\$s/\$/'/" \
173 -e "1s/^''//" -e "\$s/''\$//" \
174 -e "s/'''/'/g"
175 )"
176 ;;
177 *)
178 # Arg is not the empty string, and does not contain
179 # any unsafe characters. Leave it unchanged for
180 # readability.
181 qarg="${arg}"
182 ;;
183 esac
184 result="${result}${result:+ }${qarg}"
185 done
186 printf "%s\n" "$result"
187 )}
188
189 # Convert arg $1 to a basic regular expression (as in sed)
190 # that will match the arg. This works by inserting backslashes
191 # before characters that are special in basic regular expressions.
192 # It also inserts backslashes before the extra characters specified
193 # in $2 (which defaults to "/,").
194 # XXX: Does not handle embedded newlines.
195 # Usage: regex="$(bre_quote "${string}")"
196 bre_quote()
197 {
198 local arg="$1"
199 local extra="${2-/,}"
200 printf "%s\n" "${arg}" | sed -e 's/[][^$.*\\'"${extra}"']/\\&/g'
201 }
202
203 install_dir()
204 {
205 # $1 = target directory (relative to ${DESTDIR})
206
207 NEED_ANYTHING=true
208 if yesno "Create ${DESTDIR}${1}"; then
209 verbose "Creating ${DESTDIR}${1}"
210 mkdir -p "${DESTDIR}${1}" || exit 1
211 NEED_MTREE=true
212 fi
213 }
214
215 install_file()
216 {
217 # $1 = target file (relative to ${DESTDIR})
218
219 NEED_ANYTHING=true
220 # Install the new file
221 verbose "Installing ${DESTDIR}${1}"
222 cp -p "${TEMPROOT}${1}" "${DESTDIR}${1}" && rm -f "${TEMPROOT}${1}"
223
224 # Check if this was a special file
225 case "${1}" in
226 /dev/MAKEDEV)
227 NEED_MAKEDEV=true
228 ;;
229 /dev/MAKEDEV.local)
230 NEED_MAKEDEV=true
231 ;;
232 /etc/mail/aliases)
233 NEED_NEWALIASES=true
234 ;;
235 /etc/master.passwd)
236 NEED_PWD_MKDB=true
237 ;;
238 /etc/services)
239 NEED_SERVICES_MKDB=true
240 ;;
241 esac
242 }
243
244 install_checksum()
245 {
246 # $1 = target file (relative to ${DESTDIR})
247
248 ${AUTOMATIC} || return
249
250 NEED_ANYTHING=true
251 D="$(dirname "${1}")"
252 mkdir -p "${DESTDIR}/var/etcupdate/${D}"
253 verbose "Saving MD5 checksum for ${DESTDIR}${1} to" \
254 "${DESTDIR}/var/etcupdate/${1}"
255 # The sed part of the following pipeline changes things like
256 # "MD5 (/path/to/dest/dir/etc/filename) = abc123" to
257 # "MD5 (/etc/filename) = abc123".
258 md5 "${DESTDIR}${1}" | sed -e "s,(${DESTDIR_BRE},(," \
259 > "${DESTDIR}/var/etcupdate/${1}"
260 }
261
262 # Initialise the DIFF_EXTRA_OPTIONS variable.
263 init_diff_extra_options()
264 {
265 #
266 # Start with a few options that are always available.
267 #
268 DIFF_EXTRA_OPTIONS=\
269 " su Show differences in unified format (\"diff -u\")
270 sc Show differences in context format (\"diff -c\")
271 ss Show differences side by side (\"sdiff -w${WIDTH}\")"
272 #
273 # wdiff is not part of the base system, but the
274 # user might have installed it from pkgsrc. It is
275 # useful to show differences on a word by word basis
276 # instead of line by line. If it is executable
277 # then offer to use it in the menu.
278 #
279 if (wdiff /dev/null /dev/null) >/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
280 DIFF_EXTRA_OPTIONS="${DIFF_EXTRA_OPTIONS}
281 sw Show differences word by word (\"wdiff -n -l\")"
282 fi
283 #
284 # End with an option to use a user-specified diff-like command.
285 #
286 DIFF_EXTRA_OPTIONS="${DIFF_EXTRA_OPTIONS}
287 scommand Show differences using the specified diff-like command"
288 }
289
290 diff_and_merge_file()
291 {
292 # $1 = target file (relative to ${DESTDIR})
293
294 if cmp -s "${TEMPROOT}${1}" "${DESTDIR}${1}"; then
295 verbose "===> ${1} (ok)"
296 rm -f "${TEMPROOT}${1}"
297 install_checksum "${1}"
298 return
299 fi
300
301 if ${AUTOMATIC} && [ -f "${DESTDIR}/var/etcupdate/${1}" ]; then
302 SUM1="$(md5 "${1}")"
303 SUM2="$(cat "${DESTDIR}/var/etcupdate/${1}")"
304 if [ "${SUM1}" = "${SUM2}" ]; then
305 install_file "${1}"
306 install_checksum "${1}"
307 return
308 fi
309 fi
310
311 if ${LOCALSKIP}; then
312 ID1="$(ident -q "${TEMPROOT}${1}" | sed -n 2p)"
313 ID1="${ID1:-0}"
314 ID2="$(ident -q "${DESTDIR}${1}" | sed -n 2p)"
315 ID2="${ID2:-1}"
316 if [ "${ID1}" = "${ID2}" ]; then
317 verbose "===> ${1} (ok:RCS)"
318 rm -f "${TEMPROOT}${1}"
319 return
320 fi
321 fi
322
323 clear
324 if [ ! -f "${DESTDIR}${1}" ]; then
325 verbose "===> ${DESTDIR}${1} (missing)"
326 DOES_EXIST=false
327 else
328 verbose "===> ${DESTDIR}${1} (modified)"
329 verbose ""
330 DOES_EXIST=true
331 diff -u "${DESTDIR}${1}" "${TEMPROOT}${1}" | ${PAGER}
332 fi
333
334 STAY_HERE=true
335 ALREADY_MERGED=false
336
337 # Determine name for the backup file (/foo/._etcupdate.bar)
338 D="$(dirname "${TEMPROOT}${1}")"
339 F="$(basename "${TEMPROOT}${1}")"
340 B="${D}/.etcupdate.${F}"
341 F="${D}/${F}"
342
343 while ${STAY_HERE}; do
344
345 # Ask the user if (s)he wants to install the new
346 # version or perform a more complicated manual work.
347 echo ""
348 echo -n "File: ${DESTDIR}${1}"
349 if [ ! -f "${DESTDIR}${1}" ]; then
350 echo -n " (missing)"
351 else
352 echo -n " (modified)"
353 fi
354 echo ""
355 echo ""
356 echo "Please select one of the following operations:"
357 echo ""
358 if ! ${DOES_EXIST}; then
359 cat << EOF
360 d Don't install the missing file
361 i Install the missing file
362 v Show the missing file
363
364 EOF
365 elif ! ${ALREADY_MERGED}; then
366 cat << EOF
367 d Don't install the new file (keep your old file)
368 i Install the new file (overwrites your local modifications!)
369 m Merge the currently installed and new files
370 s Show the differences between the currently installed and new files
371 ${DIFF_EXTRA_OPTIONS}
372 v Show the new file
373
374 EOF
375 else
376 cat << EOF
377 d Don't install the merged file (keep your old file)
378 i Install the merged file (overwrites your old file)
379 m Merge again (your old file against the result from the previous merge)
380 s Show the differences between the currently installed and new merged files
381 ${DIFF_EXTRA_OPTIONS}
382 u Undo merge (start again with the original version of the new file)
383 v Show the merged file
384
385 EOF
386 fi
387 echo -n "What do you want to do? [Leave it for later] "
388 read ANSWER
389 case "${ANSWER}" in
390
391 [dD])
392 verbose "Removing ${TEMPROOT}${1}"
393 rm -f "${TEMPROOT}${1}"
394 STAY_HERE=false
395 ;;
396 [iI])
397 install_file "${1}"
398 if ! ${ALREADY_MERGED}; then
399 install_checksum "${1}"
400 fi
401 STAY_HERE=false
402 ;;
403 [mM])
404 ${DOES_EXIST} || continue
405 [ ! -f "${B}" ] && cp "${F}" "${B}"
406 cp "${TEMPROOT}${1}" "${TEMPROOT}${1}.merged"
407 sdiff -o "${TEMPROOT}${1}.merged" \
408 --width=${WIDTH} \
409 --suppress-common-lines --text \
410 "${DESTDIR}${1}" "${TEMPROOT}${1}"
411 mv -f "${TEMPROOT}${1}.merged" "${TEMPROOT}${1}"
412 ALREADY_MERGED=true
413 ;;
414 [sS]*)
415 ${DOES_EXIST} || continue
416 case "${ANSWER}" in
417 [sS]) : no change ;;
418 [sS]u) DIFF_COMMAND="diff -u" ;;
419 [sS]c) DIFF_COMMAND="diff -c" ;;
420 [sS]s) DIFF_COMMAND="sdiff -w${WIDTH}" ;;
421 [sS]w) DIFF_COMMAND="wdiff -n -l" ;;
422 [sS]*) DIFF_COMMAND="${ANSWER#?}" ;;
423 esac
424 ${DIFF_COMMAND} "${DESTDIR}${1}" "${TEMPROOT}${1}" \
425 | ${PAGER}
426 ;;
427 [uU])
428 if [ -f "${B}" ]; then
429 echo "*** Restoring ${F}"
430 mv -f "${B}" "${F}"
431 fi
432 ALREADY_MERGED=false
433 ;;
434 [vV])
435 ${PAGER} "${TEMPROOT}${1}"
436 ;;
437 "")
438 STAY_HERE=false
439 ;;
440 *)
441 echo "*** Invalid selection!"
442 ;;
443 esac
444 done
445 rm -f "$B"
446 }
447
448 # Set the environment for make.
449 set_makeenv()
450 {
451 #
452 # INSTALL_DONE=1 prevents installation of unwanted
453 # files (things that are not part of the etc set).
454 # BUILD=1 allows building of files that are wanted.
455 #
456 MAKE_ENV=" \
457 NETBSDSRCDIR=$(shell_quote "${SRCDIR}") \
458 DESTDIR=$(shell_quote "${TEMPROOT}") \
459 MAKE=make \
460 MTREE=mtree \
461 TOOL_MTREE=mtree \
462 INSTALL_DONE=1 \
463 BUILD=1 \
464 USETOOLS=never"
465 }
466
467 #
468 # main()
469 #
470
471 # Read global configuration
472 GLOBALRC="/etc/${PROG}.conf"
473 [ -r ${GLOBALRC} ] && . ${GLOBALRC}
474
475 # Read user configuration
476 USERRC="${HOME}/.{PROG}rc"
477 [ -r ${USERRC} ] && . ${USERRC}
478
479 # Read command line arguments
480 while getopts :ad:hlp:s:t:vw: i
481 do
482 case "${i}" in
483 a)
484 AUTOMATIC=true
485 ;;
486 d)
487 DESTDIR="${OPTARG}"
488 ;;
489 h)
490 help
491 exit 0
492 ;;
493 l)
494 LOCALSKIP=true
495 ;;
496 p)
497 PAGER="${OPTARG}"
498 ;;
499 s)
500 # Three cases:
501 # -s tgzfile (may be repeated)
502 # -s srcdir (may not be repeated)
503 # -s extracted_dir (may not be repeated)
504 arg="${OPTARG}"
505 qarg="$(shell_quote "${OPTARG}")"
506 N_SRC_ARGS=$(( N_SRC_ARGS + 1 ))
507 SRC_ARGLIST="${SRC_ARGLIST}${SRC_ARGLIST:+ }-s ${qarg}"
508 if [ -f "${arg}" ]; then
509 # arg refers to a *.tgz file.
510 # This may happen twice, for both etc.tgz and
511 # xetc.tgz, so we build up a list in TGZLIST.
512 BINARYMODE=true
513 BINARYTGZMODE=true
514 TGZLIST="${TGZLIST}${TGZLIST:+ }${qarg}"
515 elif [ -d "${arg}" ] && [ -f "${arg}/etc/Makefile" ]; then
516 # arg refers to a source directory
517 SOURCEMODE=true
518 SRCDIR="${arg}"
519 elif [ -d "${arg}" ] && [ -d "${arg}/etc" ] \
520 && ! [ -f "${arg}/etc/Makefile" ]
521 then
522 # arg refers to a directory where the
523 # sets have already been extracted
524 BINARYMODE=true
525 BINARYDIRMODE=true
526 BINARYDIR="${arg}"
527 else
528 echo "*** Nonexistent or invalid file or directory" \
529 "for -s ${arg}"
530 usage
531 fi
532 ;;
533 t)
534 TEMPROOT="${OPTARG}"
535 ;;
536 v)
537 VERBOSE=true
538 ;;
539 w)
540 WIDTH="${OPTARG}"
541 ;;
542 "?")
543 if [ "${OPTARG}" = "?" ]; then
544 help
545 exit 0
546 fi
547 echo 1>&2 "${PROG}: Unknown option -${OPTARG}"
548 usage
549 ;;
550
551 :)
552 echo 1>&2 "${PROG}: Missing argument for option -${OPTARG}"
553 usage
554 ;;
555
556 *)
557 echo 1>&2 "${PROG}: Unimplemented option -${i}"
558 exit 3
559 ;;
560 esac
561 done
562 shift $((${OPTIND} - 1))
563 if [ $# -ne 0 ] ; then
564 echo 1>&2 "${PROG}: Unknown extra arguments"
565 usage
566 fi
567
568 # Last minute sanity checks
569 if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
570 echo "*** ERROR: You MUST be root"
571 exit 1
572 fi
573 DESTDIR="${DESTDIR%/}" # remove trailing slash, if any. result might be "".
574 DESTDIR_BRE="$(bre_quote "${DESTDIR}")"
575 if [ "${N_SRC_ARGS}" -gt 1 ] && ( ${SOURCEMODE} || ${BINARYDIRMODE} ); then
576 echo 1>&2 "${PROG}: Multiple -s args are allowed only with tgz files"
577 usage
578 fi
579 case "${TEMPROOT}" in
580 /*) : OK ;;
581 *) new="${PWD:-$(pwd)}/${TEMPROOT}"
582 echo "*** NOTE: Using TEMPROOT \"${new}\" instead of \"${TEMPROOT}\""
583 TEMPROOT="${new}"
584 ;;
585 esac
586 if ${BINARYDIRMODE}; then
587 SRCDIR="${TEMPROOT}"
588 fi
589 if ${BINARYTGZMODE}; then
590 SRCDIR="${TEMPROOT}"
591 fi
592 if [ "${N_SRC_ARGS}" -eq 0 ]; then
593 # default if no "-s" option was specified
594 SOURCEMODE=true
595 SRCDIR="/usr/src"
596 SRC_ARGLIST="-s $(shell_quote "${SRCDIR}")"
597 fi
598 if [ -z "${SRCDIR}" -o -z "${TEMPROOT}" ]; then
599 echo "*** ERROR: One of the following variables is undefined"
600 echo ""
601 echo "SRCDIR=\"${SRCDIR}\""
602 echo "TEMPROOT=\"${TEMPROOT}\""
603 echo ""
604 exit 1
605 fi
606 if [ -r "${TEMPROOT}" ]; then
607 echo ""
608 echo "*** WARNING: ${TEMPROOT} already exists"
609 echo ""
610 if yesno "Continue previously aborted update"; then
611 CONTINUE=true
612 elif yesno "Remove the old ${TEMPROOT}"; then
613 echo "*** Removing ${TEMPROOT}"
614 rm -rf "${TEMPROOT}"
615 fi
616 fi
617
618 if ! ${CONTINUE}; then
619 # Create the temporary root directory
620 echo "*** Creating ${TEMPROOT}"
621 mkdir -p "${TEMPROOT}"
622 if [ ! -d "${TEMPROOT}" ]; then
623 echo "*** ERROR: Unable to create ${TEMPROOT}"
624 exit 1
625 fi
626 # Are we using the sources or binaries?
627 if ${BINARYTGZMODE}; then
628 # Populate ${TEMPROOT} from ${TGZLIST}
629 eval "set -- ${TGZLIST}"
630 for tgz in "$@"; do
631 if [ ! -f "${tgz}" ]; then
632 echo "*** ERROR: Unable to find ${tgz}"
633 exit 1
634 fi
635 echo "*** Populating ${TEMPROOT} from ${tgz}"
636 tar -zxpf "${tgz}" -C "${TEMPROOT}"
637 [ $? -ne 0 ] && exit 1
638 done
639 elif ${BINARYDIRMODE}; then
640 # Populate ${TEMPROOT} from ${SRCDIR} by copying.
641 # Copy only the files that belong to the etc and xetc sets.
642 echo "*** Populating ${TEMPROOT} from ${BINARYDIR} (copying)"
643 for setname in etc xetc; do
644 mtreefile="${BINARYDIR}/etc/mtree/set.${setname}"
645 if ${VERBOSE}; then vflag="-v"; else vflag=""; fi
646 if [ -f "${mtreefile}" ]; then
647 echo "*** Copying files belonging to" \
648 "${setname} set"
649 (cd "${BINARYDIR}" \
650 && pax -rwdM ${vflag} "${TEMPROOT%/}/."
651 ) <"${mtreefile}"
652 [ $? -ne 0 ] && exit 1
653 else
654 echo "*** Not copying files belonging to" \
655 "${setname} set: ${mtreefile} not found"
656 fi
657 done
658 elif ${SOURCEMODE}; then
659 # Populate ${TEMPROOT} from ${SRCDIR} by running make
660 if [ ! -f "${SRCDIR}/etc/Makefile" ]; then
661 echo "*** ERROR: Unable to find ${SRCDIR}/etc/Makefile"
662 exit 1
663 fi
664 set_makeenv
665 echo "*** Populating ${TEMPROOT} from ${SRCDIR} (make distribution)"
666 cd ${SRCDIR}/etc
667 if ! ${VERBOSE}; then
668 eval "${MAKE_ENV} make distribution > /dev/null"
669 else
670 eval "${MAKE_ENV} make distribution"
671 fi
672 [ $? -ne 0 ] && exit 1
673 fi
674 if ! [ -f "${TEMPROOT}/etc/mtree/set.etc" ]; then
675 echo "*** ERROR: Files from the etc.tgz set are missing"
676 exit 1
677 fi
678 if [ ! -f "${TEMPROOT}/dev/MAKEDEV" ]; then
679 echo ""
680 echo "*** WARNING: ${TEMPROOT}/dev/MAKEDEV not found"
681 echo "Make sure you update /dev/MAKEDEV later and run"
682 echo "(cd /dev && ./MAKEDEV all) to rebuild the device nodes"
683 echo ""
684 fi
685
686 # Ignore the following files during comparison
687 rm -f "${TEMPROOT}"/etc/passwd
688 rm -f "${TEMPROOT}"/etc/pwd.db
689 rm -f "${TEMPROOT}"/etc/spwd.db
690 find "${TEMPROOT}" -type f -size 0 -exec rm {} \;
691
692 # Ignore files we're told to ignore
693 if [ ! -z "${IGNOREFILES}" ]; then
694 echo "*** Ignoring files: ${IGNOREFILES}"
695 for file in ${IGNOREFILES}; do
696 rm -f "${TEMPROOT}"${file}
697 done
698 fi
699
700 # Are there any new directories?
701 echo "*** Checking for new directories"
702 exec 3<&0
703 find "${TEMPROOT}" -type d | \
704 while read i; do
705 D="${i#"${TEMPROOT}"}"
706 [ "x${i}" = "x${TEMPROOT}" ] && continue
707 [ ! -d "${D}" ] && install_dir "${D}" <&3
708 done
709 fi
710
711 # Start the comparison
712 echo "*** Checking for added/modified files"
713 init_diff_extra_options
714 exec 3<&0
715 find "${TEMPROOT}" -type f -a ! -name \*.etcupdate.\* | \
716 while read i; do
717 D="${i#"${TEMPROOT}"}"
718 diff_and_merge_file "${D}" <&3
719 done
720
721 # Do we have files which were not processed?
722 REMAINING="$(find "${TEMPROOT}" -type f -a ! -name \*.etcupdate.\*)"
723 if [ ! -z "${REMAINING}" ]; then
724 echo ""
725 echo "*** The following files need your attention:"
726 echo ""
727 echo "${REMAINING}" | sed -e 's/^/ /'
728 echo ""
729 elif ! ${NEED_ANYTHING}; then
730 echo ""
731 echo "*** No changes were needed"
732 echo ""
733 fi
734 if yesno "Remove ${TEMPROOT}"; then
735 echo "*** Removing ${TEMPROOT}"
736 rm -rf "${TEMPROOT}"
737 else
738 echo "*** Keeping ${TEMPROOT}"
739 fi
740
741 # Clean up after "make distribution"
742 if ${SOURCEMODE}; then
743 echo "*** Cleaning up in ${SRCDIR}/etc"
744 set_makeenv
745 cd ${SRCDIR}/etc
746 if ! ${VERBOSE}; then
747 eval "${MAKE_ENV} make clean > /dev/null"
748 else
749 eval "${MAKE_ENV} make clean"
750 fi
751 fi
752
753 # Do some post-installation tasks
754 if ${NEED_PWD_MKDB}; then
755 pwd_mkdb_cmd="$(shell_quote \
756 pwd_mkdb ${DESTDIR:+-d "${DESTDIR}"} \
757 -p "${DESTDIR}/etc/master.passwd")"
758 if yesno "Do you want to rebuild the password databases from the" \
759 "new ${DESTDIR}/etc/master.passwd"
760 then
761 verbose "Running pwd_mkdb"
762 eval "${pwd_mkdb_cmd}"
763 else
764 echo ""
765 echo "*** You MUST rebuild the password databases to make" \
766 "the changes visible"
767 echo "*** This is done by running \"${pwd_mkdb_cmd}\" as root"
768 echo ""
769 fi
770 fi
771
772 if ! ${NEED_SERVICES_MKDB}; then
773 if test -e "${DESTDIR}/var/db/services.db" \
774 -a ! -e "${DESTDIR}/var/db/services.cdb"
775 then
776 NEED_SERVICES_MKDB=true
777 fi
778 fi
779
780 if ${NEED_SERVICES_MKDB}; then
781 services_mkdb_cmd="$(shell_quote services_mkdb -V cdb \
782 -o "${DESTDIR}/var/db/services.cdb" \
783 "${DESTDIR}/etc/services")"
784 if yesno "Do you want to rebuild the services databases from the" \
785 "new ${DESTDIR}/etc/services"
786 then
787 verbose "Running services_mkdb"
788 eval "${services_mkdb_cmd}"
789 else
790 echo ""
791 echo "*** You SHOULD rebuild the services databases to make" \
792 "the changes visible"
793 echo "*** This is done by running \"${services_mkdb_cmd}\"" \
794 "as root"
795 echo ""
796 fi
797 fi
798 if ${NEED_MTREE}; then
799 if yesno "You have created new directories. Run mtree to set" \
800 "permissions"
801 then
802 (cd "${DESTDIR:-/}" && \
803 mtree -Udef "${DESTDIR}/etc/mtree/NetBSD.dist")
804 fi
805 fi
806 if ${NEED_MAKEDEV}; then
807 makedev_cmd="($(shell_quote cd "${DESTDIR}/dev") && ./MAKEDEV all)"
808 if yesno "Do you want to rebuild the device nodes in ${DESTDIR}/dev"
809 then
810 verbose "Running MAKEDEV in /dev"
811 eval "${makedev_cmd}"
812 else
813 echo ""
814 echo "*** You SHOULD rebuild the device nodes in" \
815 "${DESTDIR}/dev"
816 echo "*** This is done by running \"${makedev_cmd}\" as root."
817 echo ""
818 fi
819 fi
820 if ${NEED_NEWALIASES}; then
821 newaliases_cmd="newaliases"
822 # XXX newaliases doesn't work with DESTDIR.
823 # We could check whether the system configuration is
824 # sufficiently standard, and then run postalias(1) with the
825 # right args to make it work, but changes to /etc/mail/aliases
826 # are so rare that it doesn't seem worth the effort of checking
827 # that the system's mail configuration is standard.
828 if [ -z "${DESTDIR}" ] && \
829 yesno "Do you want to rebuild the mail alias database"
830 then
831 verbose "Running newaliases"
832 eval "${newaliases_cmd}"
833 else
834 echo ""
835 echo "*** You MUST rebuild the mail alias database to make" \
836 "the changes visible"
837 echo "*** This is done by running \"${newaliases_cmd}\" as root"
838 if [ -n "${DESTDIR}" ]; then
839 postalias_cmd="$(shell_quote \
840 postalias "hash:${DESTDIR}/etc/mail/aliases")"
841 echo "*** but it won't work with DESTDIR=${DESTDIR}."
842 echo "*** If you use postfix(1) with the default" \
843 "configuration, then you can try"
844 echo "*** running \"${postalias_cmd}\" as root."
845 fi
846 echo ""
847 fi
848 fi
849 if [ -x "${DESTDIR}/usr/sbin/postinstall" ]; then
850 postinstall_cmd="$(shell_quote "${DESTDIR}/usr/sbin/postinstall" \
851 ${DESTDIR:+-d "${DESTDIR}"}) ${SRC_ARGLIST} check"
852 echo "*** Running ${DESTDIR}/usr/sbin/postinstall"
853 eval "${postinstall_cmd}"
854 fi
855 echo "*** All done"
linveo#
Updating your system's configuration files is done in two steps. First, postinstall(8) is used to check and fix things that can be easily automated. Afterwards, etcupdate(8) is used to merge the remaining configuration file changes.
So I think I might have gone ahead and tried /usr/sbin/etcupdate -s /usr/src. What seemed to happen might have been that etcupdate was trying to update /etc for every NetBSD architecture. Since I had built only on and for amd64, I didn't want to check every architecture.
A few days later, on my second pass, I looked at the etcupdate man page and at the script itself. The man page mentioned that by default etcupdate works from a source directory. However, the man page also says that working from a source directory is not recommended:
If the user is updating from sources (which is the default mode),
etcupdate will first create a copy of the reference files by running make
distribution in /usr/src/etc, installing the files to a so-called
temproot. (See usage of the -s srcdir and -t temproot options later in
this manual page.) Although this is the default mode, it is not
recommended (see the "BUGS" section).
Instead of using sources, it is recommended that the user should extract
one or more binary distribution sets in a special location and use those
as the reference files (see usage of the -s tgzdir option later in this
manual page), or specify one or more binary distribution sets directly
(see usage of the -s tgzfile option later in this manual page).
I wondered what was the mention of the bugs all about?
BUGS
If a source directory is specified via the "-s srcdir" option (or if the
/usr/src directory is used by default), then etcupdate will run "make
distribution" in the etc subdirectory of the source directory, but it
will not use the same options or environment variables that would be used
during a full build of the operating system. For this reason, use of the
"-s srcdir" option is not recommended, and use of the "-s tgzdir" or "-s
tgzfile" options is recommended.
Initially, how did etcupdate get into a state where its default is not recommended? Is there another *nix program or script where the default is not recommended?
So, which tgz files should I ask etcupdate to use? Did my use of build.sh create those tgz files? Where are they?
Why can't etcupdate use the same options and environment variables as build.sh?
What problem would be caused by having build.sh call etcupdate in a similar way to how build.sh calls postinstall? Maybe etcupdate, as called by build.sh, could list the relevant /etc files which were different -- approximately like how postinstall lists specific issues?
What about the /etc files for programs compiled and installed via pkgsrc?
Might it make sense to add an example to section 35.1.4 of the NetBSD Guide showing the option flags which should be used by someone upgrading from source on a single architecture? And also, if necessary, using a tgz file because of the bug mentioned in the etcupdate man page?
Well, I thought I had to review etcupdate and its man page carefully so maybe I could figure out what I should be doing with etcupdate. Hence all these posts here, in case anyone else also wants to review.
Thanks to Linveo for my blazing fast NetBSD VPS! Thanks also to @cmeerw, whose NetBSD image allowed me to get NetBSD going on Linveo! Thanks to the NetBSD developers!
I found a nice post from 2001 by Martti Kuparinen, the author of NetBSD's etcupdate. I like the post because it provides examples. Of course, etcupdate has changed since 2001.
@Not_Oles said, quoting the current etcupdate man page::
~~~
Note that srcdir should refer
to the top of the source directory tree;
earlier versions of etcupdate expected
srcdir to refer to the etc subdirectory
within the source tree.
~~~
Now I seem to have got through a run of etcupdate -av on our excellent Linveo NetBSD-current VPS. From this test run of etcupdate, we have a 12,207 line transcript. It's really easy to grep through and find places I want to review!
Before updating, I made a tar archive etc-revert.tgz, so we easily can go back to where /etc was before the update.
I still haven't figured out whether the bug mentioned in the etcupdate man page might bite us. I don't remember applying any unusual environment variables during the last new source checkout and rebuild. Maybe we could get more insight into the bug by searching the NetBSD bug reports. I haven't looked for that yet.
To review, as of the present moment, it looks like our NetBSD-current VPS has been updated to -current from 10, and then updated again after some time had passed. Now that etcupdate also has been run, the VPS still reboots and seems to run quite well. Everything I have done might be a bit rough, and there may be significant mistakes. One more thing might remain, which would be to update and rebuild everything which was installed via pkgsrc, since these packaged applications are not part of the main distribution.
Sorry that there have been so many (too many?) posts from me about NetBSD. Maybe I have ruined the BSD thread for our OpenBSD and FreeBSD fans who no longer seem active.
One thing I love about NetBSD is that, as complicated as NetBSD is, nevertheless, there's a chance for an ordinary person to look under the hood and tinker around. Lifting the hood also is possible with all other open source OSes, but the BSDs seem relatively more simple, relatively more basic, and relatively faster in some ways, sometimes, compared to some other OSes. It's great that @Linveo includes all the major BSDs in Linveo's VPS installer!
Comments
I updated the NetBSD-current sources on my @linveo VPS. Thanks @linveo!
I also rebuilt the NetBSD-current userland.
Next up is rebuilding the kernel and the X Window System. Then backup, install the new kernel, and reboot,
Finally, install the new userland and the new X. Then a final reboot to make sure that it can.
What am I missing?
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
Here is the Summary of the kernel rebuild.
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
build.sh command: ./build.sh -j 2 -O ../obj -r -T ../tools -U distributionNope!
I forgot the
-xflag to add X Windows!So, probably, something like
build.sh command: ./build.sh -j 2 -O ../obj -r -T ../tools -U -x distributionmight work.
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
Okay, done with the X Window System enabled distribution build.
I think I wouldn't have to rebuild the kernel again, right?
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
Well . . . I did build the kernel again. . . .
I'm not sure whether having the "-x" flag in the kernel build changes anything. But it might.
Tomorrow, maybe we will see if the VPS reboots with the newly updated and recompiled kernel.
Thanks to @linveo for lots of NetBSD fun,
and for very fast builds! 
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
Welp, what do you think? Did the reboot work?
Rebuilding and updating NetBSD-current seems more suspense-filled than I remember from the old days. . . .
Here is moving the new kernel into place:
And here is . . . what . . . happened . . . after I tried to reboot. . . .
Aaannd. . . .
Thanks @Linveo for the really nice, really fast server! Thanks @cmeerw for the NetBSD 10 image which got me started!
Also. . . .
I probably will post about updating the NetBSD-current distribution userland and also about updating the pkgsrc extras. After that, I expect to stop posting about "routine" updates, even if they are magnificent, amazing, and wonderful each and every time!
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
I installed all the newly compiled userland binaries, and then rebooted again.
It seems to have worked. I'm cautiously optimistic!
Install
Reboot
Now we seem to be running NetBSD-current on our newly updated and self-compiled kernel and base system userland binaries! These all were built with our newly updated and compiled build tools. That's pretty cool, I think!
Just for fun, let's check the dates of the files in /bin.
Next up is to try to figure out the
etcupdate, which I almost certainly should have run before rebooting. Maybeetcupdateshould have been run before installing.After
etcupdateit's probably time to check whether any of the pkgsrc programs have been updated and therefore need rebuilding.I plan to stop posting routine NetBSD build updates to this thread when
etcupdateand pkgsrc are done. We will have upgraded NetBSD 10 to NetBSD-current, installed X Windows and Wireshark, then done another upgrade as time progressed. Maybe there will be enough here so that anyone interested can try self-compiling NetBSD-current!Yeah, all self-compiled, except for our initial NetBSD 10 image kindly provided by @cmeerw.
Thanks @linveo for the nice, fast VPS! 
Thanks NetBSD! 
Thanks LESbians! 
If anyone catches my mistakes, please do let me know!
Best wishes!
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
Already found a mistake!
I needed to run postinstall. In the output of the successful install, it says:
And here's what happened when I ran the suggested fix:
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
Quite interesting thread over in NetBSD land. Two things to note:
route add default 2001:0db8:1::1 -connected -ifp vioif0Hello!
I got the OpenBSD installer running inside Qemu running on a Linux server. My goal for now was just to make sure I could boot the installer, so I did not (yet) make a qcow2 file for a persistent installation. Instead, I stopped when I reached an sh shell inside the installer. Eventually I want to try compiling OpenBSD-current from source.
I didn't (yet) add kvm or networking options to the qemu command. Not using KVM makes everything run slower, so I have a better chance of being able to read terminal output as it scrolls up. It looks like the OpenBSD installer doesn't automagically connect to qemu slirp, so I have to figure that out.
In case anyone else here might want to try this, here are a few notes and a screenshot.
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
Okay, networking seems to work after I asked the installer to run dhcp.
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
NetBSD's etcupdate is a shell script written in the POSIX version of the Bourne shell "sh" programming language.
etcupdate is called after an update, rebuild, and reinstall of NetBSD from source code on a running system. The idea behind etcupdate is to make sure that the files in the running system's /etc provide the configuration parameters expected by the newly reinstalled software, and, where configuration choices are made, match the desires of the system administrator.
In addition to adjusting configuration files to provide new or changed parameters, it also seems like it would be necessary to add and adjust any completely new configurations for completely new programs recently added to the sources and possibly to remove configurations for programs which no longer are included in the sources.
More soon on etcupdate. Thanks @linveo for the speedy NetBSD VPS!
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
Looks like there currently are a lot of directories and files in /etc.
If you want to look under the spoiler at the top level
ls -llisting, Jan 10 was the date of the most recent rebuild and reinstall. Therefore, at least some of these files and directories seem to have been touched by the January 10 rebuild and reinstall even though etcupdate wasn't run.I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
etcupdate has a man page which isn't too long.
Here is the full etcupdate(8) man page, if you want to take a peek under the spoiler.
NetBSD also has its man pages online. man etcupdate(8) from NetBSD-current for amd64 is at https://man.netbsd.org/amd64/etcupdate.8.
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
Now, etcupdate itself.
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
When I tried etcupdate previously, I had seen, if I remember correctly, Section 35.1.4 of the NetBSD Guide.
Section 35.1.4 says:
So I think I might have gone ahead and tried
/usr/sbin/etcupdate -s /usr/src. What seemed to happen might have been that etcupdate was trying to update /etc for every NetBSD architecture. Since I had built only on and for amd64, I didn't want to check every architecture.A few days later, on my second pass, I looked at the etcupdate man page and at the script itself. The man page mentioned that by default etcupdate works from a source directory. However, the man page also says that working from a source directory is not recommended:
I wondered what was the mention of the bugs all about?
Initially, how did etcupdate get into a state where its default is not recommended? Is there another *nix program or script where the default is not recommended?
So, which tgz files should I ask etcupdate to use? Did my use of build.sh create those tgz files? Where are they?
Why can't etcupdate use the same options and environment variables as build.sh?
What problem would be caused by having build.sh call etcupdate in a similar way to how build.sh calls postinstall? Maybe etcupdate, as called by build.sh, could list the relevant /etc files which were different -- approximately like how postinstall lists specific issues?
What about the /etc files for programs compiled and installed via pkgsrc?
Might it make sense to add an example to section 35.1.4 of the NetBSD Guide showing the option flags which should be used by someone upgrading from source on a single architecture? And also, if necessary, using a tgz file because of the bug mentioned in the etcupdate man page?
Well, I thought I had to review etcupdate and its man page carefully so maybe I could figure out what I should be doing with etcupdate. Hence all these posts here, in case anyone else also wants to review.
Thanks to Linveo for my blazing fast NetBSD VPS!
Thanks also to @cmeerw, whose NetBSD image allowed me to get NetBSD going on Linveo! 
Thanks to the NetBSD developers! 
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!
I found a nice post from 2001 by Martti Kuparinen, the author of NetBSD's etcupdate. I like the post because it provides examples. Of course, etcupdate has changed since 2001.
~~~
Now I seem to have got through a run of
From this test run of etcupdate, we have a 12,207 line transcript. 
It's really easy to grep through and find places I want to review! 
etcupdate -avon our excellent Linveo NetBSD-current VPS.Before updating, I made a tar archive etc-revert.tgz, so we easily can go back to where /etc was before the update.
I still haven't figured out whether the bug mentioned in the etcupdate man page might bite us. I don't remember applying any unusual environment variables during the last new source checkout and rebuild. Maybe we could get more insight into the bug by searching the NetBSD bug reports. I haven't looked for that yet.
One advantage of the etcupdate process is that etcupdate presents a great opportunity to learn about the contents of /etc in quite a lot of detail . . . every single file!
To review, as of the present moment, it looks like our NetBSD-current VPS has been updated to -current from 10, and then updated again after some time had passed. Now that etcupdate also has been run, the VPS still reboots and seems to run quite well. Everything I have done might be a bit rough, and there may be significant mistakes. One more thing might remain, which would be to update and rebuild everything which was installed via pkgsrc, since these packaged applications are not part of the main distribution.
Sorry that there have been so many (too many?) posts from me about NetBSD. Maybe I have ruined the BSD thread for our OpenBSD and FreeBSD fans who no longer seem active.
One thing I love about NetBSD is that, as complicated as NetBSD is, nevertheless, there's a chance for an ordinary person to look under the hood and tinker around. Lifting the hood also is possible with all other open source OSes, but the BSDs seem relatively more simple, relatively more basic, and relatively faster in some ways, sometimes, compared to some other OSes. It's great that @Linveo includes all the major BSDs in Linveo's VPS installer!
I hope everyone gets the servers they want!